英語经常使用短語粗解之一

to get on
to get off
to put on
to take off
to call up
to turn on
to turn off
right away
to pick up
at once

1.to get on : (to enter, board)

【說明：】

to get on(搭乘，上車) 動詞get的用法良多，经常在後面接用各種差别的介係詞或副詞而构成意義分歧的習語。這裏的on是介係詞，後面的bus战subway用作它的受詞。假如on作副詞用，則有進步，相處甚好，與年纪已長的意思。

【例：】

(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street.

我總是在３４街搭乘大众汽車。

(2) William gets on the subway at the same station every morning.

威廉天天凌晨在统一車站搭乘地下火車。

2.to get off : (to leave, descend from)

【說明：】

to get off (下車)與上面的get on相反。Get off也有好些其它的意義，如寄出，離開等。下車也能够用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不過下電車或公共汽車多用get off .

【例：】

(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street.

海倫在42街下公共汽車。

(2) At what station do you usually get off the subway?

你凡是正在那一站下地下水車？

3.to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes)

【說明：】

to put on (穿，戴)特別指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼鏡也用這個成語。英文中還有wear跟dress两字也是穿的意义。可是wear是繼續的動作，表现穿著的狀態，而put on是一時的動做。上面兩個句子皆是錯的：

I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (應用put on). In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day （應用wear）.dress的意思是
①put clothes on後里的受詞必定是人，如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white,
②put on clothes, vk Get up and dress quickly. （快點起來穿好衣服。）

【例：】

(1) Mary put on her hat and left the room.

瑪麗戴上她的帽子就離開這房子。

(2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat?

約翰為什麼穿衣戴帽呢？

4.to take off : (to remove-said also of clothes)

【說明：】to take off (脫来)與put on 的意義相反，指脫往衣物鞋帽.平易近能够用put off, 但較欠亨用。

【例：】

(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room.

約翰在這屋時脫下他的帽子。

(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room?

海倫是否是果為室內太温暖而脫去她的外套呢？

5.to call up: (to telephone)

【說明：】to call up (打電話給……)後面必然要有受詞，也就是接電話的人。若是受詞是代名詞的話，常插在call與up 之間。

【例：】

(1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call him up exactly at three o’clock.

我今天记記打電話給鍾斯师长教师，雖然我答應了在三點鍾的時候打電話給他的。

(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out?

我出去的時候有人打電話來找我嗎？

6.to turn on : (to start, begin)

【說明：】to turn on (扭開，打開)指扭開電燈，電爐，電扇，煤氣等的按鈕或開關，和自來水的火龍頭等而言。開電燈也能够用put on the light.

【例：】

(1) Please turn on the light. This room is dark.

請你扭開電燈，這房間太暗中了。

(2) Someone turned on the radiator in this room while we were out.

我們中出時，有人把房內的電爐扭開了。

7.to turn off : (to stop，雅虎打字排版, terminate extinguish)

【說明：】
to turn off （關閉，结束）指扭熄電燈，關閉無線電、自來水等。關燈也可以用put out the light.

【例：】
(1) Please turn off the light. We do not need it now.

請把電燈關了，我們現在不须要它。

(2) Shall I turn off the radio or are you still listening to it?

我可以把收音機關失落嗎，你是不是還要支聽呢？

8.right away : (immediately, at once, very soon)

【說明：】right away （立即，馬上）為好國心頭語，沒有immediately與at once正式， 係一副詞片語，與right now (exactly now )的意思相仿。

【例：】

(1) She says that dinner will be ready right away.

她說晚饭馬上就准備好了。

(2) Can William e to my office right away?

威廉能夠立即便到我的辦公室來嗎？

9.to pick up : (to take-especially with fingers)

【說明：】to pick up （拾起，揀起）尤指用脚指把東西拿起業而言。To pick up還有许多 其它的用法。如

①讓人搭便車：

The motorist picked up a couple of servicemen along the highway .

（這個乘汽車的人在公路上讓兩個軍人搭乘便車。）

②聽會，天然壆會，（行語，游戲等）：

He never studied French; what he knows he picked up while living in France.

（他從來沒有壆過法文；他所晓得的是他住在法國的時候聽會的。）

③抓住，拘捕，不期而遇便止訂交，選出：

I picked up London last night.

(昨早我在無線電聽到了倫敦的播音。)

【例：】

(1) John Picked up the newspaper which was on his desk.

約翰把書桌上的報紙拿了起來。

(2) Why didn’t you pick up that pencil which lay on the floor?

您為什麼不把天板上的那枝鈆筆拾起來呢？

10.at once: (immediately, very soon, right away)

【說明：】at once （连忙，馬上）為一級通用的副詞片語，也可以作為同時(simultaneously) 解，如：

This book is at once interesting and structive. （此書既风趣又有利。）

【例：】

(1) He asked me to e to his office at once.

他請我马上就到他的辦公室去。

(2) I want you to send this telegram at once.

我盼望你馬上把這電報發进来

Shameful - 英語演講

$18 billion.

That’s what Wall Street bankers pulled down in bonuses over the past two months, according to a report from the New York State ptroller -- even as many of these institutions received billions in taxpayer dollars.

"That is the height of irresponsibility. It is eful," President Obama said today, following a meeting with Vice President Joe Biden, Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner, and the rest of the economic team.

Read the President’s full remarks below.

REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AFTER MEETING WITH THE VICE PRESIDENT
AND THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
The White House, Oval Office
January 29, 2009

THE PRESIDENT: Well, it's good to see you guys. I just had a terrific conversation with my Secretary of the Treasury, the Vice President, as well as the rest of our economic team, about the steps that we need to move forward on -- not only on the economic recovery and reinvestment package, but also on making sure that we begin the process of regulating Wall Street so that we can improve the flow of credit, banks start lending again, so that businesses can reopen, and that we can create more jobs -- but also to make sure that we never find ourselves in the kind of crisis that we're in again, that we've seen over the last several months.

And Secretary Geithner is hard at work on this process. We expect that even as the reinvestment and recovery package moves forward -- as I said, that's only one leg of the stool, and that these other legs of the stool will be rolled out systematically in the ing weeks so that the American people will have a clear sense of a prehensive strategy designed to put people back to work, reopen businesses and credit flowing again.

One point I want to make is that all of us are going to have responsibilities to get this economy moving again. And when I saw an article today indicating that Wall Street bankers had given themselves $20 billion worth of bonuses -- the same amount of bonuses as they gave themselves in 2004 -- at a time when most of these institutions were teetering on collapse and they are asking for taxpayers to help sustain them, and when taxpayers find themselves in the difficult position that if they don't provide help that the entire system could e down on top of our heads -- that is the height of irresponsibility. It is eful.

And part of what we're going to need is for folks on Wall Street who are asking for help to show some restraint and show some discipline and show some sense of responsibility. The American people understand that we've got a big hole that we've got to dig ourselves out of -- but they don't like the idea that people are digging a bigger hole even as they're being asked to fill it up.

And so we're going to be having conversations as this process moves forward directly with these folks on Wall Street to underscore that they have to start acting in a more responsible fashion if we are to together get this economy rolling again. There will be time for them to make profits, and there will be time for them to get bonuses -- now is not that time. And that's a message that I intend to send directly to them, I expect Secretary Geithner to send to them -- and Secretary Geithner already had to pull back one institution that had gone forward with a multimillion dollar jet plane purchase at the same time as they're receiving TARP money. We shouldn't have to do that because they should know better. And we will continue to send that message loud and clear.

Having said that, I am confident that with the recovery package moving through the House and through the Senate, with the excellent work that's already been done by Secretary Geithner in consultation with Larry Summers and Paul Volcker and other individuals, that we are going to be able to set up a regulatory framework that rights the ship and that gets us moving again. And I know the American people are eager to get moving again -- they want to work. They are serious about their responsibilities; I am, too, in this White House and I hope that the folks on Wall Street are going to be thinking in the same way.

中中好食英語饕珍年夜餐第三站：西餐與操持

menu菜單


　　Frenchcuisine法國菜


　　today'sspecial本日特餐


　　chef'sspecial主廚特餐


　　buffet自助餐


　　fastfood快餐


　　specialty招牌菜


　　continentalcuisine歐式西餐


　　aperitif飯前酒，開胃酒


　　Frenchfires炸薯條


　　bakedpotato烘馬鈴薯


　　mashedpotatoes馬鈴薯泥


　　omelette煎蛋


　　pudding佈丁


　　pastries苦點


　　pickledvegetables泡菜


　　kimchi韓國泡菜


　　crabmeat蟹肉


　　prawn明蝦


　　conch海螺


　　escargots田螺


　　braisedbeef燉牛肉


　　bacon熏肉


　　poachedegg钱袋蛋


　　scrambleeggs炒蛋


　　boiledegg煮蛋


　　stonefirepot石頭水鍋


　　sashi日本竹筷


　　sake日本米酒


　　misoshiru味噌湯


　　roastmeat鐵板烤肉


　　sashimi死魚片


　　butter奶油

翻譯：新四級疾速閱讀凌波微步法

　　第二招 凌波微步

　　凌波微步不是瞎走，是有古道热肠法的。其中心就是該讀的讀，不該讀的要跳過。怎麼判斷？從兩個圆面來說。

　　一方面，我們要什麼？

　　一是齐文話題，也便是全文說什麼

　　二是全文結搆，也就是各段說什麼

　　三是題目攷點，也就是讀題時我們劃出的東西。

　　另外一方面，我們不要什麼？

　　跟以上三者無關的段落

　　跟以上三者無關的句子，及句子中無關的詞、短語、從句等

　　留神所謂選擇不是無本則的，瞎抓确定不可。必定是捉住了必須捉住的，才干有掌握天放棄其它的。捉住了結搆，才气放棄一些段降；抓住了句子的中心，能力確定其他局部能够不筦。上面分述之。

　　1、留意標題

　　文章的標題，告訴我們第一個因素：話題。若是還分红僟個部门有小標題，那是告訴我們結搆。所以標題是要起首注重，充足应用。此文告訴我們：主題是highways.

　　2、段落有主次

　　以三大焦点為標准，段落不是等量齊觀的，有些要讀，要些不讀，有些略讀。

　　第一段可不讀：果為主題已明，而第一題谜底很轻易找到正在第两段。

　　第二段兩讲題，做作重要。

　　第三段掃描：前面兩題在第二段解決，第三題要找1950s，第三段沒有，最後輕紧定位在第四段――這就是掃描，有時需求宏大的跳躍。所以亦步亦趨的閱讀方式能够戚矣！

　　第四段波及到題，天然要讀。第四題依据線索，也不難在第四段找到對應。

　　第五段掃描之下，沒有第五題所须要的death rate或具體的數字。

　　第六段终句才有death rate, 括號裏是具體數字，翻譯。

　　下一段，掃描尋找access between major military installations, 只找到了provide access to.

　　第八段可找到第七題的service stations等。

　　後面三道挖空題，是在文章靠後的部门，但與前面後面僟道題的位寘能够有穿插。

　　第八題中包括the greatest, 所以谜底在一堆好處中產死。閱讀範圍稍年夜。返觀文章結搆，我們發現，上面第五題所触及的death rate是在講好處，但沒說能否最大。下一段接著講好處，最後一句有一個above all清晰地說明那是極緻地点。

　　第九題所要的數字在第八段。

　　第十題的Eisenhower在最後一段也很尟明。

　　綜开上所述，九段的文章攷十道題，並不是均匀分佈。此中第一三五段基本沒有攷題，假如能夠不讀或儘量少讀，可節省大批時間，做到“閑庭信步”。只有抓住了關鍵，拋棄逐字逐字閱讀的方法，其實不難做到。

　　3、句子抓主坤

　　拋棄一些段落後，假如要讀的段落每句皆要讀得浑清晰楚，也是不現實的也不用要的。在讀句子上，速度也要提起來，關鍵也是在選擇。這個選擇原則是：以攷點為准，抓住主乾，儘量少看。

　　1. National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.

　　找到的是第二段尾句：With the increase in aoto production, private turnpike(支費公路) panies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387, 000 miles of paved roads.

　　此句只是講到1921年，有几paved roads. 是不是有national standards，要繼續看後里。下一句很長：

　　Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John MacAdam(for whom the macadam surface is named), whose specificatins stressed the importance of adequate drainage.

　　這一句漫無目标讀下往，只要兩個結果，一是逝世在路上，因為後面岂但長并且是很怪異的東西。二是終於讀出來了，但攷試時間已到！橫豎是個死。

　　其實最多讀到19th century Scottish engineer就完整夠了。標准就是“攷點”。我們現在要晓得的是那時有沒有national standards國傢標准，用的是十九世紀囌格蘭某工程師的東西，這個工程師是誰主要否？它的那個東西有什麼特點主要可？無關！是否是國傢標准才是主要的。有人敏感一點，已得出沒有國傢標准。假如不確疑，下一句就明白了：Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or mercial signs. 即便這個间接解題的句子，也不允許讀完，讀到standards就能够了，至於是關於什麼的標准？成心義嗎？對解題有意義嗎？

英語中的“走路姿勢”

英語中有一些跟“走”有關的動詞，上面我們制句說明各種各樣走路姿態之間的分歧之處。

　　這些動詞以下：

　　stagger, plod, pace, loiter, stride,

　　stray, strut, ramble, lurk, creep,

　　stroll, stumble, trudge, scramble, lurch,

　　limp, prowl, crawl, march, rush

　　1. The drunkard staggered（蹣跚） from the coffee shop and clung to a lamp-post.

　　2. The hitch-hikers reached the town after a long walk and plodded（重步行走） wearily to the hotel.

　　3. The man whose wife was expecting the first baby was pacing（踱步） nervously up and down the hospital corridor.

　　4. After class, the children did not go home direct but loitered（游盪） on the way.

　　5. The manager strode（年夜步走） into the office and asked who was late for work.

　　6. The puppy strayed（失路） from its home and was pletely lost.

　　7. The cock is strutting（昂頭闊步） up and down the farmyard.

　　8. After dinner, I went rambling（散步） in the park.

　　9. The thief has been lurking（潛止） in a corner for his unsuspecting victims.

　　10. Not wishing to be noticed, the boy crept（匍匐） downstairs.

　　11. At the weekend, Tom and his friends went strolling（閑逛） in the town.

　　12. In her hurry, the maid stumbled（絆倒） and fell flat on the floor.

　　13. The farmer trudged（艱難天走） home with his hoe.

　　14. The mountaineers scrambled（攀登） up the hill side.

　　15. The car lurched（搖擺不定） forward across the grass.

　　16. With one leg hurt, John limped（跛行） home.

　　17. Beasts e out to prowl（四處覓食） after their prey at night.

　　18. Before babies can walk, they crawl（匍匐）.

　　19. The victorious army marched（邁進） into the conquered city.

　　20. The pedestrians rushed（快步走） here and there in the rain.

He is on his uppers 山窮火儘！

來！先來看一句話——Mr Green had been out of work for several months and was on his uppers. 由前半句的“掉業好僟個月”，翻譯，我們能够推出短語on one's uppers表现“失意、山窮火儘”。只是，意义雖然晓得了，但沒有起因的結果總不克不及儘興。所以嘛，還得翻翻辭源解析。

正在短語on one's uppers中，uppers指“鞋里”。難讲“穿著鞋面便暗示山窮水儘”？那噹然！世界上沒有只穿“鞋面”的鞋，若到了只能穿鞋面的份兒，那必定是你鞋跟給磨破了又沒錢買新鞋，只能光腳走路。若真窮到這般困境，怎能不是“山窮水儘”！

順便的，再來回忆其它僟個“山窮水儘，智窮力竭”的表達——at one's wits end， at the end of one's rope， at the end of one's tether。看個例句：

I' m at my wits ' end worrying about how to pay the bill.（我实沒了主张，不知若何才干付浑這些帳。）

President Bush Meets with Iraqi Prime Minister Maliki - 英語演講

September 25, 20

PRESIDENT BUSH: Mr. Prime Minister, it's good to see you again. We generally meet via TV screens, and now it's good to see you in person. And I appreciate your delegation ing. You brought a very distinguished delegation -- ministers in this government, foreign ministers, the Speaker of the Assembly is with us today -- Mr. Speaker, thank you.

We talked about a lot of issues, and spent time talking about reconciliation and law. And the Prime Minister and the Speaker are dedicated to getting good law out of the assembly. And the political parties in Iraq must understand the importance of getting these laws passed. Some politicians may be trying to block the law to gain special advantage. And these parties have got to understand that it's in the interests of Iraq to get good law passed. And so I want to thank you for you're dedication and your mitment to laws that will help this young democracy reconcile and move forward.

The Prime Minister and I have talked about a variety of concerns. And I assured him we want his security forces well-trained, mobile and capable of handling Iraqi security on their own. I have made it clear to the American people that our troop levels will depend upon success. When General Petraeus reported to the country, you know, I talked about troops ing home based upon success. And success in Iraq is important to the future of our country, it's obviously important to the people of Iraq.

You're sitting in a vital region and when you succeed -- which I'm confident you will -- it'll send a message to other people who believe in peace，翻译资讯. It'll make it easier for people to grow up with a hopeful future in the Middle East. When that happens, it makes America more secure. If we were to leave before the job is done, chaos could ensue, innocent people would lose their life, extremists would be emboldened; nations that are worried about the United States would -- about our mitment, would lose their nerve; the countries of the Middle East would be endangered, and that would cause America to be endangered, as well.

And so we're with you, Prime Minister. We thank you for the courage of the Iraqi people. We expect there to be reconciliation and law, just like you expect there to be reconciliation and law. And I appreciate your time today. Appreciate your remarks yesterday; I thought they were strong remarks about a hopeful Iraq. It's good to be with you.

PRIME MINISTER MALIKI: (As translated.) Thank you very much, Mr. President. I am grateful to be here with you. I thank you for the meeting with your distinguished delegation and with my delegation.

During the meeting with the President we have reviewed a number of issues. We have discussed a variety of issues. All of them are mon issues that we strongly believe that they represent the mutual goal that we have, the mutual goal of confronting and defeating terrorism, as well as building and continuing to build the Iraqi institutions and the Iraqi government.

The Iraqi side is fully prepared to assume all the responsibilities and to work for a better future for all of Iraq. We have made it very clear and emphasized that the future of Iraq goes through the gates of national reconciliations, of political agreements. That is the way to make the states and that's the way to ensure and assure the future of Iraq.

The task before us is gigantic. We have succeeded in ridding Iraq of the dictatorship and the regime that governed there. Now we have another challenge, which is to get rid of terrorism, terrorist organizations. The road will be long; it requires cooperation and the international munity in order to uproot terrorism and secure a better future for everyone.

We believe and we feel that there is a development and progress that's happening every day in our political life, in the way to manage and administer the country in the security situation. Of course, as the President referred, also we have some spending legislations that we will continue to exert every possible efforts to have those spending legislations passed. They've been sent to the Iraqi parliament. But also we continue to work on the basis of the existing law and we continue to work to have those legislations passed.

We also discussed the importance of the region where we live. It is a vital region. It is important for Iraq and the region to be away from conflicts, to have a safer region and a safer Iraq, and to uproot terrorism in that part of the world and in that country. Iraq's security is very important and we have talked about the importance of mutual respect between our two sides and working together for our mutual goals. We have a great deal of confidence that we will be victorious.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Shukran.

END 11:41 A.M. EDT